TheraKonnect
Self-help

CBT, DBT, EMDR — what actually differs

A clinician's-eye guide to the modalities you'll see on therapist profiles. Which one fits which problem.

9 min readLast reviewed September 2026Reviewed by a TheraKonnect clinical partner

TheraKonnect therapist profiles list modalities like CBT, DBT, EMDR, ACT, or psychodynamic. To someone shopping for a first therapist this reads like an alphabet soup. Short guide to what each one actually does.

CBT — Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

The most researched form of therapy in the world. Central premise: thoughts, feelings, and behaviours reinforce each other, so changing any one of them changes the others. Structured, homework-heavy, usually 8-20 sessions. Strong evidence for anxiety, depression, OCD, phobias, insomnia.

Good fit if: you like structure, you want a plan, you're comfortable doing exercises between sessions.

DBT — Dialectical Behaviour Therapy

Built from CBT for people whose emotions arrive faster and stronger than they can handle. Adds four skill modules: mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, interpersonal effectiveness. Longer commitment (6-12 months in most programmes) and often includes group work.

Good fit if: emotions feel like they hit you sideways, relationships are unstable, you've been told you're "too sensitive" all your life.

EMDR — Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing

Specialised trauma treatment. The therapist guides your eyes side to side (or uses tapping / audio tones) while you recall a distressing memory. Sounds unusual and is — but the evidence for PTSD is unusually strong. Doesn't require you to talk in detail about what happened, which some patients prefer.

Good fit if: you have a specific traumatic memory that still triggers strong physical reactions when you think about it.

ACT — Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

Less about changing thoughts, more about changing your relationship to them. You learn to see thoughts as passing weather rather than orders. Values-based — you clarify what actually matters to you and take action toward it, even in the presence of anxious thoughts.

Good fit if: CBT hasn't worked because your thoughts feel true rather than distorted, or you want a longer view than symptom relief.

Psychodynamic / psychoanalytic

The classic model. Explores unconscious patterns, early relationships, and how they shape your adult life. Longer, less structured, more open-ended. Evidence base is broader but harder to measure — the goals aren't always symptom-specific.

Good fit if: you're less interested in quick symptom relief and more interested in understanding why you keep repeating the same relationship dynamic, career pattern, or emotional loop.

Educational content, not medical advice. In an emergency, call 1166 or Rescue 1122.